For the development of new energy vehicle industry, power battery has been the focus of extensive attention in the industry. With the decline of subsidy policy and the aggravation of overcapacity, domestic power battery manufacturers may usher in an industrial reshuffle period in 2018. Overseas markets will be an important position for enterprises to wrestle with. In the face of strict overseas safety access standards, how to endorse the product quality of enterprises with the help of third-party testing is an important issue for the power battery industry to consider.
UL has long been committed to the development and development of power battery standards, including the safety standard UL 2580 for the battery pack and UL 1998 and UL 991 for the battery management system. The following are some questions and answers for the power battery project. Ankejie hopes to help various enterprise manufacturers have a clearer understanding of the power battery and get twice the result with half the effort in the application process.
Q: Is the UL 2580 standard mandatory?
a: In the United States, there are many private standard-setting bodies, among which UL is one of the standard-setting bodies authorized by ANSI. Many of the standards set by UL are voluntary, but once they are adopted by the state or local governments in the United States, they will be enforced.
In the NFPA 505 electric industrial vehicle fire safety regulations, it is clearly required that battery-driven industrial vehicles need to meet UL 583 standards, and UL 583 standards explicitly require their batteries to be approved by UL 2580. NFPA regulations are mandatory by many local governments, and in this case, UL 2580 is mandatory. For ordinary passenger cars or commercial vehicles, as long as the vehicle meets the collision and flip test in FMVSS/49CFR571, its battery pack can voluntarily choose UL 2580.
Q1: Lead-acid battery made UL 1989, also need UL 2580?
A:UL 1989 is for lead-acid battery cells, and UL 2580 is for power batteries used in electric vehicles. If a lead-acid battery is used as a power battery in an electric vehicle, the lead-acid battery monomer needs to meet the UL 1989, and the system composed of the lead-acid battery needs to meet the UL 2580 requirements.
Q2:UL 1642 batteries can be used in UL 2580, difference test what?
A: through the UL 1642 of the battery core can be used in UL 2580 products, but need to pass the corresponding difference test. The difference test includes normal temperature short circuit, 55 degree short circuit, extrusion and heating test.
Q3:UL 2580 distance evaluation uses UL 2580 Table 13 or UL 60950?
a: Both evaluation methods can be used.
Q4:UL 2580 internal fire test how to judge the test passed? Internal battery fire is acceptable.
A: During the test, if no flame is observed outside the battery pack and the battery pack does not explode, the test is considered to pass. Since this test needs to trigger the thermal runaway of a single cell, and the fire or explosion of the cell is a possible result of the thermal runaway of the cell, it is acceptable if there is a fire or explosion of the cell inside the battery pack, as long as there is no flame or explosion outside.
Q5:UL 2580 which tests are more likely to fail? How should the battery pack be designed to be easier to pass?
A: According to UL's current project experience, external short circuit, withstand voltage and internal fire tests are relatively easy to fail, especially internal fire tests, which have a higher probability of failure. It is recommended that customers fully consider the requirements of these tests when designing battery packs, and reasonably design the structure and protection equipment. For the internal fire test, it is recommended to do a thorough test in your own laboratory before.
The safety of the power battery largely depends on the quality of the battery core and the reasonable design of the battery management system. When designing the battery pack, the normal working range of the battery cell should be fully considered. A reliable battery management system can ensure that the battery core works in its normal working range. When an abnormal situation occurs, it takes the initiative to take corresponding protective measures to avoid danger. In addition, according to the standard requirements, select the battery cells and parts that meet the standard safety requirements, and design the battery pack according to the standard structural requirements, the battery pack is easier to pass.
Q6: What does the UL 1998 software evaluation focus on?
A: First of all, in terms of the development process, UL needs to evaluate the customer's development process, from specification definition to design, testing and design changes, and requires the customer to provide appropriate documentation and support, which is mainly to avoid and control system failures.
Secondly, in terms of risk analysis, we need customers to provide corresponding risk analysis documents, including failure analysis of external circuits and microprocessors (such as sensors, AD sampling, communication, etc.), as well as risk analysis of software design itself (such as zero removal, stack overflow, etc.), which is mainly to control random failure.
Q7:UL 991 and UL 1998 standards and ISO 26262 relationship and difference is what?
A:UL and ISO are both standard development organizations. The purpose and application of standard development are different, but the main purpose and purpose are similar.
UL's functional safety standards mainly serve traditional UL products. When the relevant software and hardware design is related to safety control, corresponding functional safety assessment is required. The standards are applicable to all products and are more regarded as auxiliary standards, because they are usually evaluated together with UL's corresponding product standards, and corresponding safety requirements are also obtained through corresponding risk analysis in combination with product standards.
ISO 26262 is a functional safety standard developed specifically for road vehicles based on IEC 61508. It only applies to automotive-related products and has complete V-model requirements from risk analysis, functional safety management to design, verification and validation.
UL and ISO standards are mainly aimed at controlling and avoiding random failures and system failures, and when customers are conducting automotive-related UL, the standards also stipulate that customers can choose ISO 26262 for functional safety assessment instead of UL 991 and UL 1998.
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