Electric bicycles enter the U.S. market, there are relatively strict market access threshold, that is, the requirements through the UL2849 safety standards. The UL2849 standard involves product safety, battery management system (BMS), software evaluation and functional safety evaluation requirements, as well as safety standards for controllers, motors, chargers and other components.
UL2849 standard the introduction and implementation of the electric bicycle products to ensure the quality and performance of higher, so that the industry more healthy and long-term development.
UL 2272 and UL 2849 it is the electrical system safety standard for personal electric transportation equipment, including the electrical system safety standard UL 3030, which supports the rapid transformation of personal electric transportation equipment technology worldwide. Lithium-ion battery technology is being widely used in personal electric transportation devices such as balance bikes, electric pedal bicycles (e-bikes), electric motorcycles and electric scooters. We must actively address the growing safety of the electrical systems of personal electric transportation devices. Similarly, there is exponential growth in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones to achieve commercial or tactical objectives, which will continue to rely on safe battery and electrical system technology for proper operation. Amazon, the e-commerce platform, has also made clear requirements for electric vehicle products. All lithium car products must pass UL relevant certification before they are allowed to go on the shelves.
Electric bicycles, electric assisted bicycles (EPAC bicycles), electric scooters and electric motorcycles-UL 2849 Third Edition. The updated requirements for the third edition of UL 2849 now address recent key safety issues to support the safe use of e-bikes (e-bikes that are ridden single, but may be able to accommodate passengers; e-bikes that are typically operated seated; e-bikes that can have pedals; e-bikes that are generally considered off-road) and minimize the risk of battery fire or explosion and the risk of electric shock hazard. Important updates include:
UL 2849 covers electric bicycles (pedal assisted electric bicycles) and electric systems for off-road use of electric motorcycles and electric scooters.
This standard addresses the risk of electric shock and potential electric shock during charging during the life of the product.
Electric Bicycle Market in the United States
Electric bicycles continue to grow in the U.S. market. According to the eCycleElectric's annual statistical study of the U.S. electric bicycle sales market, the sales volume of electric bicycles in the U.S. market in 2017 was 263000, a new record, an increase of more than 400 percent. The number of companies importing electric bicycles has also increased significantly, from 135 in 2016 to about 600 in 2017. More than 80% of electric bicycles are imported from China, and the e-commerce channel is called an important sales channel. Compared with the strong automobile culture in the United States, electric bicycles are a new means of transportation, which meets some people's needs for convenient travel: convenient riding in hilly areas, short-distance destinations, no driver's license, gas fees and parking space.
In 2018, affected by the Sino-US trade war, Chinese electric bicycles were included in the tariff list, and electric bicycles made in China were subject to a 25% tariff. In 2018, China's electric vehicles were affected by Sino-US trade frictions and EU anti-dumping investigations, and exports were affected to some extent. However, from the perspective of demand, the demand for electric vehicles in the European and American markets has maintained a rapid growth trend in recent years.
Applicable Regulations and Standards for Electric Bicycle Vehicles in the United States
ASTM F2264-2009a Consumer Safety Specification/Standard Consumer for Non-Powered Scooters Safety Specification for Non-Powered Scooters
ASTM F2641-2008 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Consumer Safety Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes/Recreational Mobility Scooters and Portable Bicycles
ASTM F2642-2008 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Safety Instructions and Labeling for Recreational Powered Scooters and Pocket Bikes/Recreational Mobility Scooters and Small Motorized Vehicles Consumer Safety Specification for Safety Instructions and Signs
UL2272 Electrical Systems for electrical system for Personal E-Mobility Devices/personal electric mobility equipment
UL2849 Electrically Power Assisted Cycles (EPAC Bicycles), Electric Scooters, and Electric Motorcycles/electric assist bicycles (EPAC bicycles), electric scooters and electric motorcycles.
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