With the development of green manufacturing system, EPD demand is also increasing rapidly. The green building product certification system pays more attention to the transparency level of environmental reporting and life cycle assessment, thus rewarding products with EPD certification.
According to ISO 14040 series of standards ,LCA the technical framework consists of the following four parts:
1. Definition of objectives and scope. This includes the determination of LCA implementation objectives, product system boundaries and functional units.
2. Inventory analysis. According to the definition of objectives and scope, determine the data of material and energy consumption and waste emission in each unit process at each stage of the product life cycle, and organize and catalog them.
3. Impact assessment. Quantitative evaluation of inventory data.
4. Interpretation of results. Provide and analyze the results of the LCA study, draw conclusions, explain shortcomings, and make recommendations.
The life cycle of a product should generally consist of three parts:
1, upstream process, including resources, energy, raw materials mining and production, product packaging materials production, and the transportation involved.
2, product production process, including product manufacturing, and the treatment of pollutants discharged at this stage.
3, downstream process, including product sales, use, waste recycling process. The upstream and downstream processes are collectively referred to as "background processes" and the product production process is referred to as "field processes". For non-end consumer goods, the life cycle evaluation model generally includes only the upstream process and the product production process, that is, from the "cradle" to the "gate".
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